J2EE Interview Tips Part 5
201. What is normalization
The process of removing redundancy by modularizing, as with subroutines, and of removing superfluous differences by reducing them to a common denominator.
For example, line endings from different systems are normalized by reducing them to a single new line, and multiple whitespace characters are normalized to one space.
202. What is North American Industry Classification
System (NAICS)
A system for classifying business establishments based on the processes they use to produce goods or services.
203. What is notation ?
A mechanism for defining a data format for a non-XML document referenced as an unparsed entity. This is a holdover from SGML. A newer standard is to use MIME
data types and namespaces to prevent naming conflicts.
204. What is OASIS
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards. A consortium that drives the development, convergence, and adoption of e-business standards.
205. What is OMG
Object Management Group. A consortium that produces and maintains computer industry specifications for interoperable enterprise applications.
206. What is one-way messaging
A method of transmitting messages without having to block until a response is received.
207. What is ORB
Object request broker. A library that enables CORBA objects to locate and communicate with one another.
208. What is OS principal
A principal native to the operating system on which the J2EE platform is executing.
209. What is OTS
Object Transaction Service. A definition of the interfaces that permit CORBA objects to participate in transactions.
220. What is parameter entity
An entity that consists of DTD specifications, as distinct from a general entity. A parameter entity defined in the DTD can then be referenced at other points, thereby eliminating the need to recode the definition at each location it is used.
221. What is parsed entity
A general entity that contains XML and therefore is parsed when inserted into the XML document, as opposed to an unparsed entity.
222. What is parser
A module that reads in XML data from an input source and breaks it into chunks so that your program knows when it is working with a tag, an attribute, or element data. A nonvalidating parser ensures that the XML data is well formed but does not verify that it is valid. See also validating parser.
223. What is passivation
The process of transferring an enterprise bean from memory to secondary storage. See activation.
224. What is persistence
The protocol for transferring the state of an entity bean between its instance variables and an underlying database.
225. What is persistent field
A virtual field of an entity bean that has container-managed persistence; it is stored in a database.
226. What is POA
Portable Object Adapter. A CORBA standard for building server-side applications that are portable across heterogeneous ORBs.
227. What is point-to-point messaging system
A messaging system built on the concept of message queues. Each message is addressed to a specific queue; clients extract messages from the queues established
to hold their messages.
229. What is primary key
An object that uniquely identifies an entity bean within a home.
230. What is principal
The identity assigned to a user as a result of authentication.
231. What is privilege
A security attribute that does not have the property of uniqueness and that can be shared by many principals.
232. What is processing instruction
Information contained in an XML structure that is intended to be interpreted by a specific application.
233. What is programmatic security
Security decisions that are made by security-aware applications. Programmatic security is useful when declarative security alone is not sufficient to
express the security model of an application.
234. What is prolog
The part of an XML document that precedes the XML data. The prolog includes the declaration and an optional DTD.
235. What is public key certificate
Used in client-certificate authentication to enable the server, and optionally the client, to authenticate each other. The public key certificate is the digital
equivalent of a passport. It is issued by a trusted organization, called a certificate authority, and provides identification for the bearer.
236. What is publish/subscribe messaging system
A messaging system in which clients address messages to a specific node in a content hierarchy, called a topic. Publishers and subscribers are generally
anonymous and can dynamically publish or subscribe to the content hierarchy. The system takes care of distributing the messages arriving from a node's
multiple publishers to its multiple subscribers.
237. What is query string
A component of an HTTP request URL that contains a set of parameters and values that affect the handling of the request.
238. What is queue
A messaging system built on the concept of message queues. Each message is addressed to a specific queue; clients extract messages from the queues established
to hold their messages.
239. What is RAR
Resource Adapter Archive. A JAR archive that contains a resource adapter module.
240. What is RDF
Resource Description Framework. A standard for defining the kind of data that an XML file contains. Such information can help ensure semantic integrity-for example-by helping to make sure that a date is treated as a date rather than simply as text.
241. What is RDF schema
A standard for specifying consistency rules that apply to the specifications contained in an RDF.
242. What is realm
See security policy domain. Also, a string, passed as part of an HTTP request during basic authentication, that defines a protection space. The protected
resources on a server can be partitioned into a set of protection spaces, each with its own authentication scheme or authorization database or both. In the J2EE
server authentication service, a realm is a complete database of roles, users, and groups that identify valid users of a Web application or a set of Web applications.
243. What is reentrant entity bean
An entity bean that can handle multiple simultaneous, interleaved, or nested invocations that will not interfere with each other.
244. What is reference
A reference to an entity that is substituted for the reference when the XML document is parsed. It can reference a predefined entity such as < or reference
one that is defined in the DTD. In the XML data, the reference could be to an entity that is defined in the local subset of the DTD or to an external XML file (an external entity). The DTD can also carve out a segment of DTD specifications and give it a name so that it can be reused (included) at multiple points in the DTD by defining a parameter entity.
245. What is registry
An infrastructure that enables the building, deployment, and discovery of Web services. It is a neutral third party that facilitates dynamic and loosely coupled business-to-business (B2B) interactions.
246. What is registry provider
An implementation of a business registry that conforms to a specification for XML registries (for example, ebXML or UDDI).
247. What is relationship field
A virtual field of an entity bean having container-managed persistence; it identifies a related entity bean.
248. What is remote interface
One of two interfaces for an enterprise bean. The remote interface defines the business methods callable by a client.
249. What is remove method
Method defined in the home interface and invoked by a client to destroy an enterprise bean.
250. What is render kit
A set of renderers that render output to a particular client. The JavaServer Faces implementation provides a standard HTML render kit, which is composed of renderers that can render HMTL markup.
The process of removing redundancy by modularizing, as with subroutines, and of removing superfluous differences by reducing them to a common denominator.
For example, line endings from different systems are normalized by reducing them to a single new line, and multiple whitespace characters are normalized to one space.
202. What is North American Industry Classification
System (NAICS)
A system for classifying business establishments based on the processes they use to produce goods or services.
203. What is notation ?
A mechanism for defining a data format for a non-XML document referenced as an unparsed entity. This is a holdover from SGML. A newer standard is to use MIME
data types and namespaces to prevent naming conflicts.
204. What is OASIS
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards. A consortium that drives the development, convergence, and adoption of e-business standards.
205. What is OMG
Object Management Group. A consortium that produces and maintains computer industry specifications for interoperable enterprise applications.
206. What is one-way messaging
A method of transmitting messages without having to block until a response is received.
207. What is ORB
Object request broker. A library that enables CORBA objects to locate and communicate with one another.
208. What is OS principal
A principal native to the operating system on which the J2EE platform is executing.
209. What is OTS
Object Transaction Service. A definition of the interfaces that permit CORBA objects to participate in transactions.
220. What is parameter entity
An entity that consists of DTD specifications, as distinct from a general entity. A parameter entity defined in the DTD can then be referenced at other points, thereby eliminating the need to recode the definition at each location it is used.
221. What is parsed entity
A general entity that contains XML and therefore is parsed when inserted into the XML document, as opposed to an unparsed entity.
222. What is parser
A module that reads in XML data from an input source and breaks it into chunks so that your program knows when it is working with a tag, an attribute, or element data. A nonvalidating parser ensures that the XML data is well formed but does not verify that it is valid. See also validating parser.
223. What is passivation
The process of transferring an enterprise bean from memory to secondary storage. See activation.
224. What is persistence
The protocol for transferring the state of an entity bean between its instance variables and an underlying database.
225. What is persistent field
A virtual field of an entity bean that has container-managed persistence; it is stored in a database.
226. What is POA
Portable Object Adapter. A CORBA standard for building server-side applications that are portable across heterogeneous ORBs.
227. What is point-to-point messaging system
A messaging system built on the concept of message queues. Each message is addressed to a specific queue; clients extract messages from the queues established
to hold their messages.
229. What is primary key
An object that uniquely identifies an entity bean within a home.
230. What is principal
The identity assigned to a user as a result of authentication.
231. What is privilege
A security attribute that does not have the property of uniqueness and that can be shared by many principals.
232. What is processing instruction
Information contained in an XML structure that is intended to be interpreted by a specific application.
233. What is programmatic security
Security decisions that are made by security-aware applications. Programmatic security is useful when declarative security alone is not sufficient to
express the security model of an application.
234. What is prolog
The part of an XML document that precedes the XML data. The prolog includes the declaration and an optional DTD.
235. What is public key certificate
Used in client-certificate authentication to enable the server, and optionally the client, to authenticate each other. The public key certificate is the digital
equivalent of a passport. It is issued by a trusted organization, called a certificate authority, and provides identification for the bearer.
236. What is publish/subscribe messaging system
A messaging system in which clients address messages to a specific node in a content hierarchy, called a topic. Publishers and subscribers are generally
anonymous and can dynamically publish or subscribe to the content hierarchy. The system takes care of distributing the messages arriving from a node's
multiple publishers to its multiple subscribers.
237. What is query string
A component of an HTTP request URL that contains a set of parameters and values that affect the handling of the request.
238. What is queue
A messaging system built on the concept of message queues. Each message is addressed to a specific queue; clients extract messages from the queues established
to hold their messages.
239. What is RAR
Resource Adapter Archive. A JAR archive that contains a resource adapter module.
240. What is RDF
Resource Description Framework. A standard for defining the kind of data that an XML file contains. Such information can help ensure semantic integrity-for example-by helping to make sure that a date is treated as a date rather than simply as text.
241. What is RDF schema
A standard for specifying consistency rules that apply to the specifications contained in an RDF.
242. What is realm
See security policy domain. Also, a string, passed as part of an HTTP request during basic authentication, that defines a protection space. The protected
resources on a server can be partitioned into a set of protection spaces, each with its own authentication scheme or authorization database or both. In the J2EE
server authentication service, a realm is a complete database of roles, users, and groups that identify valid users of a Web application or a set of Web applications.
243. What is reentrant entity bean
An entity bean that can handle multiple simultaneous, interleaved, or nested invocations that will not interfere with each other.
244. What is reference
A reference to an entity that is substituted for the reference when the XML document is parsed. It can reference a predefined entity such as < or reference
one that is defined in the DTD. In the XML data, the reference could be to an entity that is defined in the local subset of the DTD or to an external XML file (an external entity). The DTD can also carve out a segment of DTD specifications and give it a name so that it can be reused (included) at multiple points in the DTD by defining a parameter entity.
245. What is registry
An infrastructure that enables the building, deployment, and discovery of Web services. It is a neutral third party that facilitates dynamic and loosely coupled business-to-business (B2B) interactions.
246. What is registry provider
An implementation of a business registry that conforms to a specification for XML registries (for example, ebXML or UDDI).
247. What is relationship field
A virtual field of an entity bean having container-managed persistence; it identifies a related entity bean.
248. What is remote interface
One of two interfaces for an enterprise bean. The remote interface defines the business methods callable by a client.
249. What is remove method
Method defined in the home interface and invoked by a client to destroy an enterprise bean.
250. What is render kit
A set of renderers that render output to a particular client. The JavaServer Faces implementation provides a standard HTML render kit, which is composed of renderers that can render HMTL markup.
